Photography - Shutter Speed

In photography, shutter speed or exposure time is the length of time when the film or digital sensor inside the camera is exposed to light, also when a camera's shutter is open when taking a photograph. The amount of light that reaches the film or image sensor is proportional to the exposure time.

These examples show how changing the shutter speed can make a huge difference on the outcome of the photo. It can give an object context such as the image below, showing the windmill is in fact spinning as apposed to being still.

On the right is some of my own photos taken today. I have taken a photo of peoples legs whilst they walk. One photo has a high shutter speed and makes the photo look static as if the person is frozen in that position. The movement has been taken out of the photo as the legs are in focus.

However, the photo below was taken with a very low shutter speed. This has resulted in a photo with a lot more energy and movement as the legs are completely out of focus, The person in the photo wasn't walking very fast but the shutter speed being at 1 second has made it look as though they're moving a lot faster.

Aperture 

an aperture is a hole or opening through which light travels.

f/1.4 means that the lens is letting in 0.4 times as much light as the human eye.

f/16 means that the lens is letting in 15 times as much light as the human eye.

The series of photos below are examples of when the aperture is changed. The photo on the left is at f/2.8 which results in a smaller focus point. Whereas the image with aperture at f/32 has a much wider focus. this results in a more 2D image with less perspective.





ISO

In very basic terms, ISO is the level of sensitivity of your camera to available light. The lower the ISO number, the less sensitive it is to the light, while a higher ISO number increases the sensitivity of your camera.